Depressive symptoms: Associations with health perceptions and health behaviors

Abstract Introduction Evening chronotype (i.e., night owl preference) is associated with worse insomnia and depressive symptoms, and poorer health behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine the association between chronotype and these symptoms and health behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic quarantine. Methods An online survey, distributed internationally via social media from 5/21/2020–7/1/2020, asked adults to report sociodemographic/economic information, changes in sleep (midpoint, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, time-in-bed), and health behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary screen time, and outdoor light exposure patterns) from prior to during the pandemic, chronotype preference (definitely morning [DM], rather more morning [RM], rather more evening [RE], or definitely evening [DE]), and complete the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D-10). Multinomial logistic regression and ANCOVA models, adjusting for age and sex, examined associations of chronotype with COVID-19 pandemic related impacts on sleep, depressive symptoms, and health behaviors. Results A subsample of 579 participants (M age: 39y, range: 18–80; 73.6% female), currently under quarantine and neither pregnant nor performing shift work, represented each chronotype evenly (~25%). Participants delayed their sleep midpoint by 72.0min (SD=111.5) during the pandemic. DE chronotypes had a greater delay than morning types (M±SD DE: 91.0±9.0 vs. RM: 55.9±9.2 & DM: 66.1±9.3; p=0.046) with no significant change in other sleep patterns relative to other chronotypes. However, DE and RE chronotypes had greater odds of reporting that their new sleep/wake schedule was still not consistent with their “body clock” preference relative to morning types (Χ2[15]=54.8, p<0.001), reported greater ISI (F[3,503]=5.3, p=.001) and CES-D-10 scores (F[3,492]=7.9, p<.001), and had greater odds for increased or consistently moderate-to-high sedentary screen time (Χ2[12]=22.7, p=0.03) and decreased physical activity (Χ2[12]=22.5, p=0.03) than DM chronotype. There was no significant difference in change in outdoor light exposure by chronotype (Χ2[12]=12.1, p=0.43). Conclusion In an international online sample of adults under COVID-19 pandemic quarantine, evening chronotypes, despite taking the opportunity to delay sleep to match biological clock preference, reported their sleep/wake schedules were still inconsistent with personal preference, and reported greater insomnia and depressive symptoms, and odds of engaging in poorer health behaviors than morning chronotypes. Support (if any):

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Associations of Health Behaviors on Depressive Symptoms among Employed Men in Japan

Industrial Health ◽

10.2486/indhealth.44.486 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 486-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Koji WADA ◽

Toshihiko SATOH ◽

Masashi TSUNODA ◽

Yoshiharu AIZAWA ◽

the Japan Work Stress and Health Co

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Health Behaviors

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Racial/Ethnic Differences in Health Behaviors and Its Roles on Depressive Symptoms among Young Female Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17197202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (19) ◽

pp. 7202

Author(s):

Jaewon Lee ◽

Jisuk Seon

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Young Adult ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Fast Food ◽

Young Female ◽

Fruit Intake ◽

Hispanic Females ◽

Healthy Behaviors ◽

Race Ethnicity

This study explores the role of health behaviors on depressive symptoms across young adult females and differences in the relationship across race/ethnicity. The data come from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Child and Young Adult. Seven hundred and seven non-Hispanic White females, 592 African American females, and 349 Hispanic females were selected. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses were conducted. African American and Hispanic females were more likely to eat fast food than non-Hispanic Whites. African Americans reported that they ate fruit less frequently in comparison with non-Hispanic Whites. Fruit intake was related to lower levels of depressive symptoms. Hispanics moderated the association between fruit intake and depressive symptoms. Females should be encouraged to eat more fruit during young adulthood in order to diminish the likelihood of depressive symptoms. In addition, strategies for promoting healthy behaviors should consider the varied effects of race/ethnicity on depressive symptoms among young female adults.

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Depressive Symptoms

Western Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/0193945916658883 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 539-552

Author(s):

Muna H. Hammash ◽

Terry A. Lennie ◽

Timothy Crawford ◽

Seongkum Heo ◽

Misook L. Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Survival Data ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Heart Association ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Health Perceptions ◽

Class Iii ◽

Event Free Survival ◽

Free Survival ◽

The Relationship

Depressive symptoms and poor health perceptions are predictors of higher hospitalization and mortality rates (heart failure [HF]). However, the association between depressive symptoms and health perceptions as they affect event-free survival outcomes in patients with HF has not been studied. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between health perceptions and event-free survival in patients with HF. A total of 458 HF patients (61.6 ± 12 years, 55% New York Heart Association Class III/IV) responded to one-item health perception question and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire–9. Event-free survival data were collected for up to 4 years. Multiple regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between health perceptions and event-free survival. Decreasing depressive symptoms is essential to improve event-free survival in patients with HF.

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Depressive symptoms during pregnancy: Relationship to poor health behaviors

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/0002-9378(89)90170-1 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 160 (5) ◽

pp. 1107-1111 ◽

Cited By ~ 337

Author(s):

Barry Zuckerman ◽

Hortensia Amaro ◽

Howard Bauchner ◽

Howard Cabral

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Poor Health

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Sedentary Lifestyle May Contribute to the Risk of Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Snapshot of Hungarian Adolescents

European Journal of Mental Health ◽

10.5708/ejmh.16.2021.2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 99-119

Author(s):

Tamás Berki ◽

Bettina F. Pikó

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Substance Use ◽

High School Students ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Screen Time ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Short Version ◽

Increased Risk

Background: Social exclusion usually contributes to an increased vulnerability to mental health problems and risky health behaviors. This study aims to identify the role of health behavior in the increased risk of depressive symptoms among adolescents during the coronavirus pandemic in Hungary. Methods: A total of 705 high school students participated in our study (M = 15.9 years; SD = 1.19). The self-administered questionnaire included items about sociodemographics, eating habits, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and substance use. Depressive symptoms were measured using the short version of the Child Depression Inventory. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze our results. Results: Daily fruit and vegetable consumption was reported by 21.7% and 22.4% of respondents, respectively. The proportion of the respondents reporting daily sweets consumption stood at 13.2%, daily soft drinks consumption was 12.3%, and daily energy drink consumption tallied to 4.5%. More than one-third of the sample (35.5%) reported having breakfast every school day, which rose to 68.1% of the sample reporting breakfast on both weekend days. The rate of students engaged in daily physical activity was 6.5%, while 86.1% of them reported more than four hours screen time in a day. In addition, despite the mandatory confinement, a notable percentage of adolescents engaged in substance use. Consistent with previous studies, girls had a higher risk of depression. Low levels of physical activity and high levels of screen time – as well as alcohol and drug use – were associated with a high risk of depression. Conclusions: We believe our study provided useful information on adolescent health behaviors that can lead to adolescents’ depression, and that maintaining physical activity can prevent it even in these unusual circumstances.

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A Scoping Review of the Examination of Sandwiched Caregivers’ Psychological Well-being and Physical Health

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 814-814

Author(s):

Barbara Hodgdon ◽

Jen D Wong ◽

Patricia S Pittman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Physical Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Well Being ◽

The United States ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Care Recipients ◽

The Impact

Abstract As numbers of sandwiched caregivers in the United States grow, it is essential to document the literature on the impact of dual care responsibilities on aspects of psychological well-being and physical health. This scoping review examined the literature on sandwiched caregivers’ psychological well-being and physical health, identified gaps in the literature, and provided suggestions for future studies to advance the literature on sandwiched caregivers in the United States. Guided by the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework, this scoping review comprised of 15 peer-reviewed articles between 1980 and 2019, that examined aspects of the psychological well-being (e.g., depression, affect) and physical health (e.g., health behaviors, chronic conditions) of sandwiched caregivers in the United States. Findings showed that there was ambiguity surrounding the conceptualization of sandwiched caregivers, specifically how older and younger care recipients were defined. Also, most studies examined psychological well-being while physical health was understudied. The findings of this review also showed that, compared to non-sandwiched caregivers (e.g., spousal, filial caregivers) and non-caregivers, sandwiched caregivers exhibited greater depressive symptoms and psychological distress as well as poorer health behaviors. Furthermore, sandwiched caregivers who were female and employed were more susceptible to greater depressive symptoms than their employed male counterparts or employed non-caregivers. In considering future directions, more work is needed that examines physical health. Additionally, sandwiched caregivers of minority status merit attention as multigenerational care occurs at greater rates in these populations. Finally, caregiving during the pandemic may have a detrimental impact on sandwiched caregivers’ lives which should be investigated.

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